For the revised or final submission, the authors need to submit the manuscript in MS-Word format for the manuscript text, equations, tables, and artwork.

2.2 Manuscript Layout and Typescript
･For Microsoft Word Files
The manuscript text should be single-spaced, single-column format with generous margins. Use standard font families (Times, Helvetica, Arial or Symbol) with 12-point size for the entire text. Use italics for mathematical symbols (not for abbreviated names of functions such as sin, log) as well as the title of journals and books. Use boldface for title and headings as well as to denote vectors and matrices in mathematics. Use subscripts and superscripts for indices in mathematical and chemical symbols (d_ij, A_s, t², f') or others when required (m², °C). Most other formatting options such as hyphenation and justification will have to be removed and replaced during the processing of the article, hence keeping the layout as simple as possible.
The artwork (figures, charts, and drawings) can be placed with a few line spaces at the preferred position in the text part but should not be embedded in the sentences. Do not embed "graphically designed" equations and tables. Equations should be prepared using MS Equation Editor or MathType. Tables should be prepared using MS Word and use grids or tabs to separate columns instead of spaces.

3. PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS

3.1 Manuscript Requirements
3.1.1 Length
Manuscripts should not exceed 10000 words as word equivalents in length. Preferably, estimate the page length using the software's automatic word counters, such as MS Office. The authors also have to calculate the space of the artwork and tables. As a rough estimate, a page of artwork corresponds to 900 words, hence determining the length of artwork and tabular material in word-equivalents proportionally to the occupancy on a page; e.g., a figure measuring half-page in height would be equivalent to 500 words.
Discussions and closures contributions should neither include artwork nor exceed 1800 words.
If the authors consider that a manuscript with longer pages than the specified length is inevitable, please consult the editorial office in advance with the reason. Lengthy manuscripts might be reviewed after preliminary evaluation based on the article's necessity, budget, journal style, relevance, and composition. In such a case, the editor will reserve the right to remove tables, charts, or any artwork considered by the referees as unnecessary for a clear understanding of the subject. The article may be accepted after reviewing if the length is judged adequate to succinctly treatment of the subject. In this case, the time of publication may be longer than the usual cases.

3.1.2 Style
The text must be in concise English, and authors may adopt UK or US spelling but not combinations of both. As the ACT has an international audience, which includes non-native speakers of English, avoid colloquialisms and idioms (e.g., "connect" rather than "hook up," "system or apparatus" rather than "set up" as well as technical terms that are used only locally (e.g., "micron" obsolete technical slang used by some scientists and engineer to designate one millionth of a meter by the symbol μ, replaced in the SI by micrometer, symbol μm).
Authors may write in active or passive voice but avoiding gender specific words (midshipman, craftsman, spokesman, she, he, his) and pronouns (I, you, we, our). Gender specific words may be understood as discriminatory or sexist language. The use of pronouns often results in poor or imprecise constructions or even mildly offensive.

e.g., When you fail to make accurate measurements...;
(inaccurate or mildly offensive)
When the measurements are not accurate...;
(introducing the potential consequences of inaccurate measurements)
When the engineer fails to attain accurate measurements...;
(draw attention to the dependency on the qualifications of the professional)
The past tense is preferred to describe the actions in the development of the project or study, whereas the present tense is used to state the facts. For politeness, when referring to or discussing published works, particularly from primary Journals, regard them as facts, i.e., in the present tense.

(1) Units:
Authors must use consistent units throughout the article and according to the International System of Units (SI). Only units named for a person and when abbreviated should be capitalized (e.g. Hz, Pa, g but hertz, pascal, gram). Do not use metric prefixes such as M (Mega), m (milli), etc. when using exponential notation ("0.556 m/s" not "5.56x10^-4 km/s". Use proper abbreviations, e.g. the correct abbreviated form of "seconds" is "s" whereas "sec." means secundum in accordance with, second, section, secant). Use space between numbers and units and a dot, space, or solidus (/) between compound units ("2 N m", "3 kg/m³ or 3 kg m^-3).

(2) Numbers:
One-digit numbers should be spelled out, except where attached to a unit of quantity (e.g., 1 mm or 3 kg) or where expressions contrast or enumerate one-digit numbers with numbers of two or more digits ("3 out of 20 specimens", "5 mortar specimens and 15 concrete specimens". Numbers of two or more digits should be rendered in digits except where the context makes this awkward (e.g., use spelled-out forms at the beginning of a sentence).
In numbers above 10 000, spaces may be used between sets of three digits but not commas (as it is a violation of international scientific and engineering practice and standards).The comma is the decimal mark in many countries and also in the SI. The SI allows the decimal point to be used in publications in English with spaces for the "Thousands" (e.g., 11 012.35).
For numbers between -1 and 1, insert a zero to the left of the decimal point to make it more difficult for the reader to overlook the decimal point ("0.47 not .47").

(3) Quantities:
Use numbers instead of relative figures (small deformation, high stress) to present and discuss results. Relative figures are permissible only for assessing results and summarising conclusions. When intended to give a reference or assessment, provide a reference value in parenthesis, e.g. "...high temperatures (about 60 degree C)"

(4) Abbreviations:
Abbreviations may be used only when the term appears a few times in the text and should be spelled out in full next to its first appearance, e.g., high-performance concrete (HPC) or HPC (high-performance concrete). The rule aims to prevent possible misunderstandings and redundancies, e.g. HPC is also found in the literature as "high-performance cemen,t" "Helwan Portland cement," "hybridised Portland cement." HSC is usually used for "high-strength concrete," but in laboratories also for "high-speed centrifuge." In references to the finite element method (FEM), authors often repeat the word "method" as sentences appear not read well, e.g., "The FEM method was employed for the analysis."
Abbreviations by initials should be typed with no full point (e.g., JSCE, JCI, HPC, FEM). Abbreviations in which the last letter of the abbreviation is the same as the last letter of the word should also have no full point (e.g., Mr, St, BUT no., str., etc.).

(5) Headings:
In separating articles under sections, make the headings indicative rather than explicative and preferably to fit in one line. Use numbering for the headings but only up to three levels (ex. 1, 2-1, (2)). Do not use the bullet.

(6) Equations:
Mathematical equations should only be used where absolutely necessary, and should be clear and easily understood by engineers. Each equation must appear in a separate line and be numbered consecutively, whether the number is necessary for cross-reference in the article or not. The number may be useful for reference in future works and discussion of the article. If the authors conclude eventually that the equation would have no significance for future reference, they should consider removing the equation. Only the relevant equations should be shown in the body text, and any development of an equation should appear, if essential, in an appendix or supplementary materials.

(7) Symbols:
Symbols occurring firstly in equations should be defined preferably in the margin below the equation, e.g., "...the stress field is proportional to the forcing function F(t) defined as:
(1)
where
a_i : response acceleration for ith mode,
q_i(t): general coordinate for ith mode."

However, if the article contains long lists of symbols accompanying mathematical developments, they should not be presented in the body of the paper but at the end, in a Notation section containing all symbols. In both cases, authors must provide a notation list containing all symbols on a separate page, where is necessary to define all symbols and clarify potential ambiguities in typescripts (such as the number one and the letter "ell," zero and "oh," "double you" and lowercase Greek omega, levels of subscripts, superscripts, and exponents, etc.).
The symbols in the Notation section and additional list are arranged with the capital letters preceding the lower case. The Roman alphabet is followed by the Greek one.

(8) Figures:
All artwork such as graphs, diagrams, and photographs should be categorized as Figure. They must have consecutive numbers as Figures, e.g., Fig. 1, Fig. 2..., but not Photo 1, 2...

(9) Tables:
Tables should read top to bottom and not left to right, and each column in a table must have a heading. Avoid abbreviations and equations, but when essential, use single-level equations (e.g., 1/(a + b)) and define abbreviations in the legend. Footnotes are acceptable in tables but not elsewhere.

(10) Captions:
All artwork and tabular material must be identified by title with a number, followed by the explanatory information. This material must not be lettered on the artwork

(11) Author contributions:
Authors must declare each author’s contributions to the submitted paper and identify them asthe rightful authors, as shown in section 4.1.
The description is "Each author’s name: thecontribution to the paper."

(12) Declaration of competing interests:
All authors must declare any conflicts of interest that the publication may affect.
If you have a conflict of interest, please declare it. Competing interests include both financial and non-financial relationships. Declaring such relationships is necessary to maintain academic rigor and toensure that publications are not accused of unfair bias or misinformation.
Examples of competing interests include the following;